High Voltage Technology



High Voltage

High voltage

High-voltage direct current

High Voltage DC Transmission System

High Voltage Engineering - Practice and Theory

New High-voltage electrostatic generator machine - Felici Noel USP 2675516

High-Voltage Direct Current Technology - Part 1

UCLA BPPL - Magnetic Field Anhilation

War of the currents

Chapter 7: Aerial Systems



Hi Kone

When fields become coherent they aren't just added together as two fields are in super position. At coherence the fields merges to become a single new field. When shining two beams of light through each other they just pass through each other without interference. If the beams of light became coherent they become as single beam of light. This is what laser light is; coherent light or a maser beam when at microwave frequency.

The two identical light beams passes through each other their energy is doubled or added per super position. If the same two beams become coherent the energy is quadrupled. This is what characterizes coherence. The energy of a field has a term squared. When squaring the term of each field before adding them (superposition) the energy is just added. But when first adding the fields and then squaring the added terms (coherence) the energy is higher than what each separate field represents when added.

Ferroresonance is very non-linear as is also saturation of the core which is the prerequisite for ferroresonance. This could in effect be mixing separate fields into a coherent one. We still need some proof like a reproducible experiment. Either proper measurements of power have to be made or a self-running device will have to be demonstrated as proof.

Upon flipover of the AC the resonator cap discharges, this is the time to measure into.load in some way using scope to see.

For proper measurement all power dissipated in the load has to be measured and all power being fed to the device has to be measured. The COP is the ratio of output mean power to input mean power. No need for measuring power going anywhere else for calculating the COP. The mean power is the active power doing real work. By taking the mean of the power the parts going in equal amounts in opposite directions are canceled out. The canceled out part is the reactive power from the standing wave. I know you want to measure the reactive part too to get a greater number. But only power going in one direction without returning is real or active power being dissipated. Active power is dissipated because is doesn't return or reflect back to where it came from.

Regards

Ole


Hi Kone

The magnetic field in a coil is coherent. When doubling the number of turns of a coil its inductance is quadrupled. This also makes the stored energy quadruple when the current stays constant. Put in another way:

On the same core when two identical windings each having one unit of inductance is put in series the new inductance is four units. Having two cores with each one unit of inductance put in series makes the new inductance only two units. This example shows the difference between coherent fields and incoherent fields.

For the back electromotive force (BEMF) it's in series with the driving EMF but being of opposite sign in voltage. It doesn't take other pathways as it's induced in the same wire carrying the original current. The current just decreases with the decreasing voltage (V=EMF-BEMF).

Regards

Ole


Hi Simon,

What do you think about Ole's ideas about the difference between coherent fields and incoherent fields? I can vary the current through an inductor by using a transistor as a pulsating constant current source or by using a CMOS 4093 and varying the duty cycle 2%-98% and having full current on the transistor.

Best Wishes, Hermes

Simon, how do you manage to go out in the heat to the nearest grocery store?


Hi Hermes,

Note that putting two equal inductors in series only gives you 4 times the inductance of each inductor if the two inductors are fully-coupled (they share their magnetic field). In practice you won't get 100% coupling, even between coils on the same core or between turns on the same inductor, so the "rule of thumb" saying that adding turns to a coil the inductance rises as n2 is never true, just a useful approximation.

You can test this out using LTspice, by putting two inductors in series and either giving them a coupling (K L1 L2 0.99) or not, and putting a current through them or making an LC resonator and checking the resonant frequency. Also change the coupling constant between 0 and 1, where 0 is not coupled at all and 1 is perfectly coupled which of course isn't actually physically possible. Why I put 0.99 initially which is about as good as it actually gets.

Note that with laser light, each photon only has the same energy which depends on the wavelength. The total power and field just add depending on how many photons. Coherence allows you to get the same power into a smaller focus thus the power per square unit goes up. With incoherent light or waves, the maximum field averages to zero, but with coherent waves the field strengths all add so any charged particles it encounters get shaken around a lot more. No more actual power than incoherent light but couples far better to charges.

Problems with the measuring kit mean that for OU experiments the only sure way of knowing you're getting more power out than in is making the device run itself and something else too. It's way too easy to get fooled by the meters, where the method used to perform the measurement may be non-linear or may have a response-time that is too long or non- symmetrical for rising/falling edge. That was likely the problem with BrLP, where the light was produced in very short pulses and the light power measurements said it would be able to run itself, so they claimed that. I expect they tried that using available 200-sun PVs and found that the actual power produced wasn't what they expected, so they told people they were waiting for 1000-sun PVs before they could show it running itself. Might still be a problem, because AFAIK they can show measured power out being enough to run the system, but they haven't shown it actually running itself and a load.

So yep, self-running and having power over to run something else is the only way you'll be sure that the measurements are good enough. They may still not be right, but the device would be useful.

Problem with trying to define coherent fields in a setup using coils and maybe magnets too is that there is actually one field in the system although it may be stronger in some places than others and may have phase changes across it. Thus there is one energy store that you can add energy to or take energy out. That's the basic reason why odd ways of winding the coil (Rodin coil for example) or adding coils or magnets doesn't end up OU - OK, people can mis-measure the results and claim OU but it still won't be able to run itself let alone an extra load. Put energy in, it goes into that single field increasing field strength, take energy out and it comes from that field reducing field-strength. Once you've taken out all you put in, you can't get more. Still, the concept of wave coherence doesn't really apply to such a system because there is one EM field, and instead you use the concept of phase coherence of the waves you're putting in, and how they interact once the various phase delays have been accounted for.

Looks like there may be ways to exploit the limited speed of light and the delays that introduces to produce an asymmetry and thus the capability of violating CoE, but for an average-sized device that means frequencies in the GHz range and edge-rates measured in picoseconds up to a nanosecond in order to get a usable asymmetry. Might be some asymmetries available in the multi-Tesla field strength range where few people work because at that point the permeability of magnetic materials seems well beyond saturation and thus nothing to see, but a friend was doing some experiments anyway. Seems no success yet.

Some paths to OU might work, others have been well-tested and never worked, with coils and magnets in the second group.

Maximum temperature reached here was +42C, but that's actually OK if you want to go to the shops. Not however good if you need to do manual work outside, and you just need to avoid doing that at peak temperatures, and do the work in the morning or evening. Back down to normal temperatures of around +30C now anyway.

Best regards, Simon




back to linkpage
suggestion
read and sign my guestbook